Cervical Cancer Surgery

Are you feeling anxious about cervical cancer surgery? Surgery is a highly effective treatment option when detected early. Surgical procedures remove cancerous tissue and prevent the disease from spreading. Understanding the different types of surgeries can help you make an informed decision. The right treatment plan depends on the cancer stage, overall health, and fertility preferences.

What Are the Types of Cervical Cancer Surgery?

Surgical treatment varies based on the stage of cancer. Common types include:

Conization: Removes a small cone-shaped section of the cervix. Ideal for early-stage cancer or precancerous changes.
Trachelectomy: Preserves the uterus while removing the cervix, suitable for young women desiring fertility
Hysterectomy:

Radical Hysterectomy: Removal of the uterus, cervix, surrounding tissues, and sometimes part of the vagina. This is typically done for more advanced cancers.
Total Hysterectomy: Removal of the uterus and cervix. It may be done in early-stage cancer.

Pelvic Exenteration: A more extensive procedure when cancer spreads beyond the cervix.

What Are the Stages of Cervical Carcinoma?

Cervical cancer staging is crucial for determining the extent of the disease and guiding treatment decisions. The FIGO (International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology) staging system classifies cervical cancer based on tumor size, local spread, and distant metastasis.

Stage	Description
I	Carcinoma confined to the cervix (extension to the uterine corpus should be disregarded).
II	Extension beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of the vagina.
III	Extension to the pelvic wall and/or involves the lower third of the vagina and/or causes hydronephrosis or a non functioning kidney and/or involves pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes.
IV	Extension beyond the true pelvis or biopsy-proven involvement of the bladder or rectal mucosa.

When Is Surgery Recommended for Cervical Cancer?

Surgery is usually recommended for early-stage cervical cancer before it spreads to other organs. It is also advised when abnormal cells remain after other treatments like radiation or chemotherapy. In some cases, it’s performed alongside other therapies for better results. Your doctor will assess your condition and suggest the best approach.

How Is Cervical Cancer Staged, and Why Is It Important for Treatment?

Cervical cancer is staged using the FIGO system, which helps determine how far the cancer has spread. Staging ranges from Stage I (cancer confined to the cervix) to Stage IV (cancer has spread to distant organs). Proper staging is crucial for deciding the best treatment approach, which may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination of these.

What organs are removed in cervical cancer surgery?

Depending on the stage, a hysterectomy may remove the uterus, cervix, part of the vagina, and surrounding tissues to eliminate cancerous cells.

What Is a Radical Hysterectomy?

A radical hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus, cervix, and surrounding tissues. In some cases, lymph nodes and parts of the vagina are also removed. It’s often recommended for stage 1 and stage 2 cervical cancer.

How Does Robotic Surgery Help in Cancer treatment?

Robotic-assisted surgery enhances precision, reduces recovery time, and minimizes surgical trauma, making it effective for various cancer treatments.

How do chemo and radiotherapy work together?

Chemotherapy enhances the effects of radiotherapy by sensitizing cancer cells, improving treatment outcomes in advanced cervical cancer cases.

Can Cervical Cancer Surgery Preserve Fertility?

Yes! If diagnosed early, trachelectomy is an option that removes the cervix but keeps the uterus intact. This allows women to conceive after treatment. However, not all patients qualify for this procedure. Consultation with a cervical cancer surgery specialist in Mumbai is essential to explore fertility-preservation options.

What to Expect Before Surgery?

Preparation includes medical tests like MRI, CT scan, and blood work. You may need to stop certain medications and follow dietary restrictions before the procedure. Your doctor will explain the surgical approach, anesthesia options, and expected recovery timeline. Mental and physical preparation helps ease anxiety before surgery.

What Happens During the Surgery?

Cervical cancer surgery is performed under general or local anesthesia. The type of surgery depends on the cancer stage and treatment goals. Minimally invasive techniques like laparoscopic surgery reduce recovery time. Open surgeries may be required in advanced cases. The procedure typically lasts between 2 to 6 hours.

How Long Does Recovery Take?

Recovery time varies based on the type of surgery performed. Patients undergoing hysterectomy typically recover within 4 to 6 weeks. Those with less invasive procedures like conization may return to normal activities sooner. Rest, proper nutrition, and follow-up care ensure a smooth recovery.

What Are the Risks of Cervical Cancer Surgery?

Like any surgery, cervical cancer surgery has risks, including:

Infection or excessive bleeding.
Bladder or bowel complications.
Early menopause (if ovaries are removed).
Emotional impact due to fertility loss.
Discussing risks with your doctor helps in making an informed choice.

Will I Need Additional Treatment After Surgery?

Post-surgical treatment depends on whether cancer cells remain. Some patients require radiation or chemotherapy to prevent recurrence. Regular check-ups and Pap smears ensure early detection of any abnormalities.

How Will Life Change After Cervical Cancer Surgery?

Life post-surgery requires adjustments, but most women regain normalcy over time. Physical recovery is accompanied by emotional healing. Support groups and counseling can help cope with anxiety, body changes, or fertility concerns. Consulting a cervical cancer surgery specialist in Mumbai ensures the right guidance.

Can Cervical Cancer Return After Surgery?

While surgery significantly reduces recurrence risks, regular monitoring is crucial. Symptoms like unusual bleeding, pelvic pain, or changes in bowel habits should not be ignored. Early detection improves treatment outcomes if cancer returns.

Where to Find the Best Cervical Cancer Surgery Specialist in Mumbai?

Dr. Maitreyee Parulekar is a leading cervical cancer surgery specialist in Mumbai, offering expert care for all stages of the disease. With advanced surgical techniques and personalized treatment plans, she ensures the best possible outcomes. If you or a loved one needs surgery, book a consultation today for professional guidance.

Cervical cancer surgery can be life-saving when performed at the right time. Finding the right specialist is crucial for a successful recovery. Dr. Maitreyee Parulekar, a top cervical cancer surgery specialist in Mumbai, provides expert diagnosis and treatment. Don’t delay—schedule your appointment and take the first step towards healing!